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Changes in ventilatory parameters in survivors after severe COVID-19 associated pneumonia
Kulhánková, Adéla ; Gojda, Jan (advisor) ; Mlček, Mikuláš (referee)
Background and Aims COVID-19 disease can cause severe bilateral pneumonia which manifests as a restrictive pulmonary disease in the post-acute phase, raising the question of whether this post-acute impairment may persist and lead to long-term consequences. The aim of this thesis was to find out whether patients in the post- acute phase of COVID-19 suffer from respiratory disorders and possibly whether these disorders persist even after 6 months, using the analysis of spirometry data, such as vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), and Tiffeneau index (FEV1/FVC). Methods A retrospective analysis of the prospective cohort COMETA study examining patients with confirmed bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia was conducted. 42 patients were examined at baseline in the post-acute phase of COVID-19 (visit A) and 36 of them participated also in the examination after 6 months (visit C). The Student's t- test was used to compare parameters with a normal distribution. For the parameters with non-normal distribution, the Mann-Whitney test was used. Results At the baseline, the median VC and FVC were below 80 % of their predicted values. A statistically significant improvement over the course of 6 months was observed for the VC of males (Δ median 0.7900, p <0.01) and females (Δ mean 0.4692 p < 0.05) and FVC of...
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Influence of respiratory rehabilitation on lung function in patients after COVID-19 pneumonia.
Světová, Barbora ; Benediktová, Květa (advisor) ; Irving, Anna (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the comparison of the measured values of selected spirometric parameters (FVC, FEV1, PEF) and the results of quality of life questionnaires (Karnofsky score and Jones shortbreathness score) in two groups, one of which had a prescribed rehabilitation program and the other was a control group. The theoretical part summarizes knowledge about the disease COVID-19 and its immediate and long-term impact, especially on the respiratory system. It also deals with the use of specific methods of respiratory rehabilitation in patients who have experienced the disease of COVID-19. The main goal of the practical part is to verify the effect of respiratory rehabilitation - a prescribed rehabilitation program on lung functions in patients after pneumonia caused by the disease COVID-19. Methodology: A total of 20 patients (average age 60±11,04 years) after pneumonia caused by the disease COVID-19 were included in the research, of which 10 followed the prescribed rehabilitation program. On the day of the end of hospitalization and a second time with an interval of 2-3 months, the spirometric parametres of the probands of both groups were measured and the quality of life was determined using questionnaires. The S-Index and chest amplitude were also measured in the experimental group...
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A case study of physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient after acute respiratory failure due to pneumonia combined with pulmonary oedema
Zdobinská, Nela ; Dvořáčková, Dominika (advisor) ; Sárazová, Daniela (referee)
Title: A case study of physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient after acute respiratory failure due to pneumonia combined with pulmonary oedema. Objectives: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to introduce the problematics of respiratory diseases including anatomical context, the possibilities of treatment and rehabilitation based on EBM. The practical part concerns case report of the patient diagnosed with acute respiratory failure due to pneumonia combined with pulmonary oedema. Methods: The bachelor thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part consists of anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the respiratory system, introduction to the problem of acute respiratory failure, pneumonia and pulmonary oedema, as well as the most commonly used physiotherapeutic methods used to treat patients with this condition. The practical part is a case study of a patient after acute respiratory failure due to pneumonia combined with pulmonary oedema. The elaboration of the case study was made during continuous professional practice in Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague, in the period from 10 January 2022 to 4 February 2022 under the expert guidance of Mgr. Daniela Sárazová and Bc. Robert Charvát. The bachelor thesis includes kinesiological...
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Case study of physiotherapeutic care of a patient diagnosed with pneumonia
Anzari, Mikoláš ; Chroustová, Kristina (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
Title: Case study of physiotherapeutic care of a patient diagnosed with pneumonia Aims: The aim of this thesis is to briefly summarize the basic theoretical knowledge of pneumonia from professional sources and to apply selected physiotherapeutic methods used in the diagnosis of pneumonia and to assess their effectiveness. Summary: In the first part of the theoretical part, the basic theoretical knowledge of pneumonia is briefly summarized and ARDS is also marginally described. The second part outlines how physiotherapists can contribute in the treatment of these conditions and what evidence-based medicine has to say about physiotherapeutic approaches in the ICU and in pneumonia. The special part of this bachelor thesis is based on a continuous professional practice at the Department of Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care at the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague between 10 January 2022 and 4 February 2022 and is presented in the form of a case report of a patient with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Keywords: pneumonia, ARDS, pulmonary rehabilitation, respiratory physiotherapy
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Prevention and importance of ventilator associated pneumonia in the intensive care
Sekerka, Pavel ; Kolář, Martin (advisor)
Synopsis Ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) presents a severe complication in the care for the mechanically-ventilated patient and its importance rises with the increasing number of resistant microorganisms, which causes VAP. VAP increases morbidity and mortality of the patients, prolongs their hospitalization and leads to the increase of direct and indirect treatment expenses. Options of treatment are sometimes difficult, costly and inefficient, thereby the need to prevent the occurance of VAP by employing a set of preventive measures is needed. Employing and enforcing those measures can decrease the incidence of VAP and thus to improve prognosis of the critically-ill patients in the intesive care. The goal of the experimental part of this thesis was to audit the employment of these preventive measures in practice. A survey using questionnaires and observing the situation on KAR FNKV have shown, that some measures are performed correctly, while some present a space for improvement, some are performed incorrectly or not at all.
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The case study of physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient after acute respiratory failure caused by Legionella pneumonia
Dvorská, Veronika ; Heřmánková, Barbora (advisor) ; Charvát, Robert (referee)
Title: The case study of physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient after acute respiratory failure caused by Legionella pneumonia. Objectives: This work aimed to summarize general pieces of information about the respiratory system, Legionella pneumonia, and acute respiratory failure and perform a case study of a patient with this condition. Methods: This thesis is divided into general and practical parts. The general part covers anatomical, physiological, and pathophysiological facts about the respiratory system, issues associated with Legionella pneumonia and acute respiratory failure, as well as physiotherapeutic methods used to treat patients with this condition. The practical part is a case study of a patient who experienced acute respiratory failure cause by Legionella pneumophila. All physiotherapy methods used were regularly recorded. The case study was carried out during a 4-week internship at the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine between January and February 2021. Results: At the beginning of the treatment, the patient was in a medically induced coma connected to breathing assistance. However, his condition soon began to improve. The most significant results were achieved in terms of mobility and physical ability of the patient. Furthermore, the muscle strength and the...
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Analysis of mortality from selected respiratory diseases in the Czech Republic in the 1994-2014 period
Vančurová, Mariana ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Burcin, Boris (referee)
The main objective of this thesis was to analyse the development of mortality from selected respiratory diseases in the Czech Republic in the 1994-2014 period. Selected respiratory diseases were defined due to common characteristics, risk factors and mutual effects on each other and they are lung cancer, pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The first part of the thesis contains the definition of studied diseases, their risk factors, incidences and general trends of mortality from selected causes of death. The second part is devoted to the development of mortality from selected respiratory diseases regarding sex, age and seasonal effect. The methods for calculating in the analytical part were standardized mortality rate, two-dimensional decomposition and decomposition of the time series. The results showed different development of mortality from selected diseases between men and women and age distribution in consequence of the mortality from selected respiratory diseases. In terms of seasonal mortality, there was an effect found on pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Prevention and importance of ventilator associated pneumonia in the intensive care
Sekerka, Pavel ; Kolář, Martin (advisor)
Synopsis Ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) presents a severe complication in the care for the mechanically-ventilated patient and its importance rises with the increasing number of resistant microorganisms, which causes VAP. VAP increases morbidity and mortality of the patients, prolongs their hospitalization and leads to the increase of direct and indirect treatment expenses. Options of treatment are sometimes difficult, costly and inefficient, thereby the need to prevent the occurance of VAP by employing a set of preventive measures is needed. Employing and enforcing those measures can decrease the incidence of VAP and thus to improve prognosis of the critically-ill patients in the intesive care. The goal of the experimental part of this thesis was to audit the employment of these preventive measures in practice. A survey using questionnaires and observing the situation on KAR FNKV have shown, that some measures are performed correctly, while some present a space for improvement, some are performed incorrectly or not at all.
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